Land Suitability Evaluation for Biosaline Paddy Rice Cultivation in Coastal Areas of Sayung District, Demak Regency, Indonesia
Keywords:
biosaline paddy rice, land amelioration, land suitability evaluation, Sayung District, Sayung District; soil fertilityAbstract
This study evaluated the suitability of land for biosaline paddy rice cultivation in Sayung District, Demak Regency, Indonesia, and identified major limiting factors and potential improvement measures. Field surveys and laboratory analyses were conducted to assess climatic conditions, soil physical properties, soil chemical characteristics, salinity levels, and slope conditions. Land suitability was determined using a matching method by comparing observed land characteristics with the land requirements of irrigated paddy rice. Suitability classes were categorized as highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), and not suitable (N). The results showed that climatic factors, including temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity, as well as most soil physical characteristics, were generally favorable for paddy rice cultivation and fell within the S1–S2 suitability classes. However, several soil-related constraints limited overall land suitability. The main limiting factors were low nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) availability, elevated soil salinity, and deficiencies of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in certain areas. Consequently, several land units were classified as S3-na and S3-xc. Potential land improvement was evaluated through the application of P₂O₅ and K₂O fertilizers and Ca–Mg-based soil amendments. These treatments improved nutrient availability, reduced salinity-related constraints, and increased land suitability from S3 to S2 classes. The findings indicate that appropriate nutrient management and soil amelioration practices can significantly enhance land quality and support sustainable biosaline paddy rice production in coastal areas affected by salinity.
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