Subak, Traditional Irrigation Management System in Bali for Indonesians SDGs

Abstrak

Subak, the traditional irrigation system of Bali, represents a unique form of local wisdom that integrates ecological sustainability, social cooperation, and spiritual values. Recognized by UNESCO as a Cultural Landscape, Subak serves not only as a water management system but also as a socio-cultural institution that reflects the philosophical principles of harmony between humans, nature, and the divine. This study aims to examine the relevance of Subak to Pancasila values, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and human rights principles within the context of civic education. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through literature review and conceptual analysis, this paper explores the role of Subak as a living example of democratic participation, environmental stewardship, social justice, and community-based governance. The findings indicate that the Subak system embodies several Pancasila values, particularly social justice, unity, deliberative democracy, and belief in God. Furthermore, Subak contributes to sustainable development through responsible water management, ecosystem preservation, and food security. From a human rights perspective, Subak supports equitable access to natural resources, community participation, and environmental rights. The study concludes that integrating Subak into civic education can strengthen students’ understanding of citizenship, sustainability, and human rights while preserving Indonesia’s cultural heritage in the era of globalization.