The Effect of Concrete Media on The Learning Outcomes of Spatial Mathematics For Blind Students in Phase C at SLB A YKAB Surakarta

Abstract

Education is the key to developing and realising life values, and it is a factor that motivates children to learn and develop their potential. However, many visually impaired students, such as those at SLB A YKAB Surakarta, still experience difficulties in receiving information related to spatial geometry. Therefore, concrete objects are an appropriate learning medium to use in teaching spatial geometry. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of using concrete objects as a learning medium on the mathematics learning outcomes of visually impaired students in phase C at SLB A YKAB Surakarta. This study uses a quantitative method with a one-group pretest posttest design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 6 visually impaired students in phase C. The data collection techniques used in this study were pretest and posttest. Validity testing used expert validity and Aiken's V formula, while reliability testing used the KR 20 (Kuder Richardson 20) technique. Data analysis was conducted using non-parametric statistics through the Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test. The study's results indicate that the use of concrete media significantly influences the improvement of mathematics learning outcomes in spatial geometry for visually impaired students in phase C at SLB A YKAB Surakarta, as evidenced by the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.026 < 0.05.