Kajian Sistematis Model Pembelajaran IPA untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Sains Peserta Didik: Perspektif Pendekatan Deep Learning
Keywords:
Literasi Sains, Model Pembelajaran IPA, Pembelajaran Mendalam, PISA 2025, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
Abstract: Scientific literacy is one of the core competencies assessed in PISA 2025 and serves as a key indicator of the quality of science education in Indonesia. Previous international assessments have revealed that Indonesian students’ achievement in scientific literacy remains relatively low, indicating the need for effective instructional strategies that foster conceptual understanding, critical thinking, and scientific attitudes. One relevant approach is deep learning, which can be facilitated through the implementation of various science learning models. This study aims to systematically review science learning models that contribute to the enhancement of students’ scientific literacy within the perspective of deep learning. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was employed by following the PRISMA 2020 protocol. Articles were retrieved from international databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, SpringerLink, ERIC, and Google Scholar, with publication years ranging from 2015 to 2025. The findings reveal that instructional models such as Problem Based Learning, Project Based Learning, STEM Education, Inquiry Learning, and Discovery Learning are the most frequently applied in supporting scientific literacy. These models are proven effective in encouraging students to explore, reflect, and apply concepts in new contexts, which aligns with the characteristics of deep learning. This review highlights the importance of integrating innovative instructional models with a deep learning approach to strengthen scientific literacy, while also providing practical implications for science teachers and researchers in designing learning strategies aligned with the demands of PISA 2025.
Abstrak: Literasi sains merupakan salah satu kompetensi utama yang diukur dalam PISA 2025 dan menjadi indikator penting kualitas pendidikan IPA di Indonesia. Hasil asesmen internasional menunjukkan capaian literasi sains peserta didik Indonesia masih relatif rendah, sehingga diperlukan strategi pembelajaran yang mampu menumbuhkan pemahaman konseptual, berpikir kritis, serta sikap ilmiah. Salah satu pendekatan yang relevan adalah pembelajaran mendalam (deep learning approach) yang dapat difasilitasi melalui penerapan berbagai model pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara sistematis model-model pembelajaran IPA yang berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan literasi sains peserta didik melalui perspektif pembelajaran mendalam. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengacu pada protokol PRISMA 2020. Artikel yang ditinjau diperoleh dari database internasional seperti Scopus, Web of Science, SpringerLink, ERIC, dan Google Scholar dengan kriteria publikasi antara tahun 2015–2025. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis Problem Based Learning, Project Based Learning, STEM Education, Inquiry Learning, dan Discovery Learning merupakan pendekatan yang paling banyak digunakan untuk mendukung literasi sains. Model-model tersebut efektif dalam mendorong peserta didik melakukan eksplorasi, refleksi, dan aplikasi konsep pada situasi baru yang sesuai dengan karakteristik pembelajaran mendalam. Kajian ini menegaskan pentingnya integrasi model pembelajaran inovatif dengan pendekatan pembelajaran mendalam dalam meningkatkan literasi sains, serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi guru IPA dan peneliti dalam merancang strategi pembelajaran yang selaras dengan tuntutan PISA 2025.
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