AI and Ethics in Civic Education: A Literature Review on Building Digital Citizens

Abstract

In the increasingly advanced digital era, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an integral part of the educational landscape. This progress introduces new challenges, particularly regarding ethics and the formation of societal character. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method using a literature review of publications from the last five years, with data collected from various relevant journals indexed by Google Scholar. Through content analysis, this study identifies the relationship between AI, ethics, and civic education, as well as how to shape intelligent, responsible, and integrity-driven digital citizens through ethical approaches in AI utilization. The findings reveal that AI holds great potential to enhance civic education through broader access to information and more inclusive and adaptive learning. However, without a proper ethical framework, AI also presents risks such as plagiarism, information manipulation, and the erosion of social responsibility. Furthermore, the analysis finds that aligning AI with the values of Pancasila and principles of digital ethics is essential in forming digital citizens who are not only technologically literate but also responsible, ethical, and legally aware in digital spaces. Therefore, strong integration between technology, ethics, and civic education values is required to ensure that the use of AI contributes to the development of a civilized and just digital society.